The Modern World Economic System

Poles, Czechoslovakians and Hungarians had enjoyed long periods of sovereignty onwards and during the Middle Ages, Poland under its kings, the current Czech countrys under the antique crown of St. Wenceslav (Moravia, Silesia and Bohemia) and Hungary under the Magyars prior to the Turkish occupation of 1526-1541. Poland did non recover its indep demolitionence until 1918. It was subjected to direct and indirect control by a number of great powers, including Sweden, Russia, Prussia and the Hapsburg Empire and was partitioned several quantify by or among these powers. Bohemia came under the control of the Hapsburgs in 1526 and did not achieve independence as Czechoslovakia until 1918. After 1648, Hungary was "wedged among Prussian, Russian and Austrian absolutism" (Maczak 21). It obtained a substantial item of internal autonomy under the Compromise of 1867 with Austria-Hungary which established a Dual Monarchy, but it, too, did not become an independent state until 1918 and, like the others, was under Nazi and Soviet control to variable degrees until the end of the Cold War. Nationalist aspirations were repeatedly frustrated by neighboring great powers, most notably during the early Hussite Protestant rebellion in Bohemia, revolts in Hungary and Poland in the early ordinal century, the failed revolutions of 1848 and the Soviet takeover.

(2) Nationalist movements in those countr

(3) Nationalist movements in these countries tended to place their interests ahead of those of other minorities which were suppressed, jumper lead to conflicts over language and control of the state and the economy. All tercet states had significant ethnic minorities which were in more or little continous conflict with the dominant subject areaity throughout most of modern history. In Hungary, even though they constituted a minority of the population, Magyars, pursuant(predicate) to the policy of "Magyarization," held in 1914 ninety five and sixth tenths percent of all civil service posts and dominated the professions (Macartney 725).

In the ordinal and on into the twentieth century, tensions between the Slav majority and the German minority over language and other issues deeply split the Czech body politic.

ies before the mid- twentieth century were for the most part controlled by a semi-feudal aristocracy or landholding class which served as an impediment to economic and social progress. The most extreme version of this were the Magyars in Hungary who dominated Hungarian politics after 1867. The Czech movement for independence was led by a cabal of traditional defenders of the old Czech staatsrecht and a "rejuvenated bourgeois national intelligentsia" which came to dominate Czech politics in the latter(prenominal) part of the nineteenth century (Kahn 153).

During the twentieth century, conflicts among the various nationalities in East Central Europe continued to pre-occupy statesmen. By the end of the Cold War, and despite the shortcomings of state communism, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland had all moved into the semi-periphery. patriotism played a major role in liberalisation Soviet control. In earlier periods, core-periphery relations caused distortions in these economies and slow down political and social progress. Today the question remains whether these newly independent nations can make the necessary structural changes and personal line of credit in constructive directions th
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